Brief on the Draft Political Resolution for the 25 th Congress of the Communist Party ofIndia, September 21 to 25, 2025 in Chandigarh.

The 25th Congress of the Communist Party of India (CPI), convening in Chandigarh, is taking

place at a historically significant juncture—marking the Party’s centenary. This Congress takes

place against a backdrop of sweeping global and national political transformations. The CPI

identifies serious threats to India’s democratic, secular, and federal character under the BJP-

RSS regime and resolves to craft a path of resistance rooted in its legacy of struggle. The

Congress will deliberate on the political, economic, and social crises afflicting the world and the

nation and articulate a path forward for united action to protect the constitutional foundations of

India and advance the cause of socialism.

Globally, the crisis of capitalism has deepened, marked by intensified imperialist aggression,

economic volatility, and militarisation. Wars such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the genocide

in Gaza by Israel, the Israel-Iran conflict, and mounting tensions in West Asia and Asia-Pacific

expose the violent impulses of imperialism and highlight the collusion between the U.S. and its

allies in escalating global instability. NATO’s expansion, rising military budgets, and U.S.-led

interventions reveal the return of war as a feature of global scenario. The contradictions among

imperialist powers are sharpening, and alliances like BRICS have emerged as attempts to

counter U.S. hegemony. Meanwhile, international economic instability persists—slow growth,

food insecurity, and rising debt affect the Global South the most, while monopolies continue to

amass record profits. The global environmental crisis, and rising inequality further aggravate

the miseries of working people. Despite the dominance of neoliberalism, mass resistance is

growing—from Latin America’s democratic resurgence to the mass protests in Europe and

Africa’s anti-colonial assertion. The socialist countries like China, Cuba, and Vietnam

demonstrate alternative models of development rooted in sovereignty, equity, and state-led

planning. The CPI calls for a new global order that embraces multi-polarity, cooperation,

sustainability, and anti-imperialist solidarity.

The growing resistance across the globe is a vital element of the current political landscape. In

Latin America, the return of left governments and movements challenging U.S. intervention

mark a powerful assertion of sovereignty and people-centred development. In Africa, countries

are rejecting neocolonial military presences and asserting control over their resources.

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Resistance movements in Europe and Asia show the growing impatience with economic

injustice and authoritarianism. In Sri Lanka, the people elected the Leftist JVP Government as

it has since pursued pro-people policies. These struggles, although diverse, are driven by a

common desire for peace, social justice, and democratic participation. Socialist countries,

including China and Vietnam, continue to resist Western pressures and offer models that

prioritise public welfare and long-term planning over capitalist profit. The CPI reaffirms its

solidarity with all progressive movements globally and emphasizes the importance of

proletarian internationalism in the fight against imperialism, capitalism, and ecological collapse.

In India, the political landscape since the last Congress has been shaped by the continued

consolidation of the RSS-BJP’s authoritarian project. While the 2024 General Elections saw

the BJP-NDA return to power, but the BJP fell short of a majority, revealing cracks in its image

of invincibility. The INDIA Bloc, despite weaknesses, showed that electoral resistance is

possible. The CPI played a key role in building opposition unity and articulating people’s

demands. However, lack of coordination, ideological clarity, and effective seat-sharing

hampered the working of the INDIA Bloc. The BJP intensified communal polarisation, curbed

institutional autonomy, and pursued pro-corporate policies. The Party views the defence of the

Constitution and democratic institutions as the principal political task. The economy under BJP

rule has become more unequal, exclusionary, and exploitative. Jobless growth, agrarian

distress, informalisation of labour, weakening of public services, and the assault on welfare

programmes have worsened people’s lives. The Union Government continues to serve

corporate interests while suppressing dissent and fragmenting opposition. In response, the CPI

has worked to strengthen struggles on the ground—from workers to farmers, students to

youth, women to the marginalised castes.

The structural problems of class, caste, and patriarchy have been exacerbated under BJP rule,

under influence from RSS’ hierarchical worldview. Economic inequalities have sharpened, with

the richest 1% now owning over 40% of the country’s wealth, while millions remain excluded

from livelihoods and social protection. Dalits, Adivasis, and OBCs continue to face systemic

discrimination, violence, and economic marginalisation. The RSS-BJP’s Manuvadi ideology

erodes constitutional safeguards and reverses gains made by marginalised communities. The

CPI supports a national caste census and calls for full implementation of reservations in private

sector and redistribution based on its findings. Patriarchy is reinforced through cultural policing,

underfunding of welfare schemes, and legal tokenism. Violence against women is increasing,

while economic and political participation remains dismally low. The CPI recognises that true

gender equality is inseparable from class and caste liberation and must remain central to its

political agenda.

The RSS-BJP combine represents the most organised, reactionary threat to India’s

constitutional democracy. Their ideological vision, directly inspired from Hitler and Mussolini,

seeks to replace the vision of our Constitution with a theocratic Hindu Rashtra, promote

corporate-controlled governance, and dismantle federalism. Through systematic targeting of

minorities, distortion of education, suppression of dissent, and the instrumentalization of

institutions like the judiciary and EC, the RSS-BJP is pursued an agenda to change the

character of the Indian state. It is destroying the ideal of secularism through laws like CAA,

bulldozer politics, and anti-minority violence. It is eroding federalism by weaponizing the office

of the Governor and attempts like ‘One Nation, One Election’, all of which are tools to

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centralise power. The imposition of Hindi and rewriting of history reflect the cultural dimension

of this project. The CPI asserts that the RSS-BJP regime is an existential threat to India’s unity

in diversity and the secular-democratic character of the Indian state and the Party must lead

the ideological, political, and mass resistance against this fascist onslaught.

Looking ahead, the CPI lays out its future tasks with clarity and commitment. First, the Party

must deepen its engagement with the working people—workers, peasants, women, students,

and marginalised communities—through mass struggles, alternative policy formulations, and

grassroots campaigns. The Party reaffirms its Marxist-Leninist identity and seeks to expand its

influence among emerging sections like gig workers, rural youth, and the “precariat.” The

political resolution highlights the need to fight on issues like climate justice, gender equality,

agrarian reform, tribal rights, and public ownership of resources. It calls for sustained struggles

against labour codes, communalism, privatisation, and ecological destruction. Second, the CPI

must work towards strengthening Left Unity and to establish Left as a strong pole in national

polity. The CPI has consistently proposed principled unity of Communist movement and also

urges the Maoists and others pursuing a path of armed struggle to reconsider their path and

join the mainstream of communist movement in the interest of the people and meaningful

social transformation. The CPI is also committed to effectively mobilise democratic and secular

forces based on ideological clarity and principled cooperation to against RSS-BJP Raj and

their disastrous policies. The Party emphasises the need for a common minimum programme

with Left-Democratic-Secular forces and greater coordination among opposition parties. While

maintaining its independent voice, the CPI will take the initiative in consolidating opposition

unity, resisting the RSS-BJP agenda, and expanding its organisational presence.

The Draft Political Resolution concludes with a strong resolve to meet this historic juncture with

courage and clarity. Drawing from its century-old legacy of struggle, sacrifice, and people’s

movements, the Party affirms its commitment to defend India’s Constitution, democratic

institutions, and the rights of its people. The 25th Congress is a call to action—to build a

secular, democratic, socialist future. The CPI pledges to walk with the oppressed and to stand

at the forefront of the battle for justice, peace, and a humane society.

#CPI100 #LeftUnity #ProtectDemocracy #FightCaste #PeopleOverProfit